Tumor suppressors are genes or proteins that play a crucial role in regulating cell growth and division, as well as preventing the development of tumors. They act as a defense mechanism against the uncontrolled proliferation of cells that can lead to cancer. When tumor suppressor genes are mutated or functionally impaired, it can result in the loss of normal cell growth regulation and the development of cancer. Research in this area focuses on understanding the functions of tumor suppressor genes, how they are regulated, and how their dysfunction contributes to the initiation and progression of cancer. Additionally, researchers are exploring potential therapeutic strategies to target tumor suppressors and restore their normal functions in cancer cells.